Types of Loads

There are different types of loads acting on architectural structures. The weight of construction materials such as concrete slab, beams, columns, suspended ceiling, electrical and mechanical systems, carpeting, tiles, etc. are usually called dead loads. In general, dead loads cannot be easily changed or removed from a building; however, the designer can accurately estimate their magnitudes.

Live loads are the loads that change during the life of an architectural structure, and usually represent the weight of people, furniture, etc., which are due to the occupancy. Obviously, these loads depend on the type of occupancy. For example, the expected live load for a library is larger than for a house (weight of books compared to the weight of furniture and residents). Minimum live (occupancy) loads are usually given in building codes.

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